Hockey-like games involving the use of some form of stick and ball date back into antiquity according to the International Hockey Federation. Variants of hockey-like games have appeared in historical records from Egypt, Persia, Ethiopia, Greece, the Roman Empire and the Aztec Empire. The modern game of hockey was developed in public schools in England during the 19th century and the first club was founded near London in 1849. The first uses of artificial turfs began in the early 1970s.